Stocks 101

Begin Early Investing In Your Career

setting aside. If your company has available a 401-K or a TSP program, jump on the band wagon immediately. If you don’t have these programs at your disposal, you can still start an IRA and the concepts stated here are applicable as well.

It really does it make a difference when you start contributing. It is important to invest in your retirement account early in your career for two reasons. First, if you’re fortunate to receive matching contributions, you don't want to miss out on those added contributions that are a significant part of your retirement benefit. Second, the longer contributions stay in your account, the more you stand to gain. Your money makes money in the form of earnings, and those earnings in turn make money, and so on. This is what is known as the "miracle of compounding." As money grows in your account over time, the proportion resulting from earnings will become larger compared to the proportion resulting from contributions.

The size of your account balance is going to depend on how much you (and your company if they match funds up to a certain percentage) contribute to your account and how your account grows as a result of earnings on your investments. To get an idea of what your retirement account could be in the future, look at the following projections.

Assume that you are an employee eligible for organizational contributions, that you are earning $28,000 each year, and that you receive no future salary increases. You choose to save 5 percent of basic pay each pay period; therefore you receive total organizational contributions of 5 percent. The growth projections below are for an assumed annual rate of return of 7 percent on your investments.

After five years your account balance would be almost $17,000; after ten years your balance would increase to $40,000; and after contributing for twenty years, your account would have a balance of $122,000. Clearly your balance would continue to increase each year. If you contributed for forty years, which is fathomable if you start a job at 23 and want to retire at age 63, your account balance would be $615,000. That’s over half a million dollars folks! Just from contributing 5% of your income from the day you start work!

Looking at the numbers, it’s hard to imagine why someone wouldn’t start investing immediately!

What if you are not eligible for an organizational contribution plan and have to decide how to invest safely yourself? Consider a cost averaging plan.

The market goes UP...the market goes DOWN.

For many of us the shape of the market day to day has about as much influence on our lives as the time of the tides that day. But for investors - especially first time investors - it can be a rollercoaster of heart racing highs and stomach churning lows. Every movement is being carefully reviewed and if it turns down then investors with itchy feet jump out.

If you know the benefits of investing, how can you avoid the stress of putting your hard earned money into the market?

Financial planners and investors are quite clear on the subject. New investors should not make an investment unless they are going to let it sit at least 5 to 7 years - the longer the better.

Why?

Well, the economy DOES move up and down, but we have never seen it bottom out (and if it did - well, you'd have much bigger concerns than your investment).

By selecting a diversified portfolio, such as a mutual fund, you can usually base your prediction on past activity and you'll see that in any 7-15 year period the investor always came out with more than he put in.

How do you take advantage of that? When should you invest?

Well, if shares were being sold for $10 each and you had invested $100 you would have purchased 10 shares. Now, if that is your whole investment you would be very upset if the value went down to $5, wouldn't you? Now your stock is worth $50. What would you do? Sell before it goes lower and loose $50?

Using the 'Cost Averaging' technique:

Cost averaging means you continue to put the same amount of investment into the market regularly - preferably every month. Now if you did that you would have invested another $100. At $5 a share you would buy 20 shares. Right now you have invested $200 but only own $150 worth of shares.

What happens when the price goes up?

When the price goes back up (and it will) it may stop at $8 per share. Now what? Well, you invest your next $100 and buy 12 shares.

You now have 42 shares valued at $8 each. That totals $336. Your investment was $300 so you just made 12% from your investment.

Combining the cost of averaging with the 10% recommended for us to set aside for savings or investment - what's stopping you from jumping in?